51. Del Duca E, Manfredini M, Petrini N, et al. Daylight photodynamic therapy with 5-aminolevulinic acid 5% gel for the treatment of mild-to-moderate inflammatory acne. Ital J Dermatol Venereol. 2021;156(1): 46–50. doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.19.06392-2
52. Fabbrocini G, Cacciapuoti S, De Vita V, Fardella N, Pastore F, Monfrecola G. The effect of aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy on microcomedones and macrocomedones. Dermatology. 2009;219(4):322-328. doi: 10.1159/000252854
53. Moftah NH, Ibrahim SM, Wahba NH. Intense pulsed light versus photodynamic therapy using liposomal methylene blue gel for the treatment of truncal acne vulgaris: a comparative randomized split body study. Arch Dermatol Res. 2016;308(4):263-268. doi: 10.1007/ s00403-016-1639-6
54. Shaaban D, Abdel-Samad Z, El-Khalawany M. Photodynamic therapy with intralesional 5-aminolevulinic acid and intense pulsed light versus intense pulsed light alone in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a comparative study: Photodynamic therapy in acne vulgaris. Dermatol Ther. 2012;25(1):86-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1529- 8019.2012.01427.
55. Piccolo D, Kostaki D, Dianzani C, Crisman G, Conforti C. Effective intense pulsed light protocol in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris of the chest and back. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2022;15(3):22-25.
56. Schulte BC, Wu W, Rosen T. Azelaic acid: evidence-based update on mechanism of action and clinical application. J Drugs Dermatol. 2015;14(9):964-968.
57. Hoffman LK, Del Rosso JQ, Kircik LH. The efficacy and safety of azelaic acid 15% foam in the treatment of truncal acne vulgaris. J Drugs Dermatol. 2017;16(6):534-538.
58. Kainz JT, Berghammer G, Auer-Grumbach P, et al. Azelaic acid 20 % cream: effects on quality of life and disease severity in adult female acne patients: Azelaic acid 20 % cream in adult female acne patients. JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft. 2016;14(12):1249-1259. doi: 10.1111/ddg.12889
59. Zaenglein AL, Pathy AL, Schlosser BJ, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2016;74(5):945-973.e33. doi: 10.1016/j. jaad.2015.12.037
60. Ghaoui N, Hanna E, Abbas O, Kibbi A, Kurban M. Update on the use of dapsone in dermatology. Int J Dermatol. 2020;59(7):787- 795. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14761
61. Stotland M, Shalita AR, Kissling RF. Dapsone 5% gel: a review of its efficacy and safety in the treatment of acne vulgaris. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. 2009;10(4):221-227. doi: 10.2165/00128071-200910040-00002
62. Al-Salama ZT, Deeks ED. Dapsone 7. 5% gel: a review in acne vulgaris. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2017;18(1):139-145. doi: 10.1007/ s40257-016-0242-0
63. Del Rosso JQ, Kircik L, Tanghetti E. Management of truncal acne vulgaris with topical dapsone 7. 5% gel. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2018;11(8):45-50.
64. Słopień R, Milewska E, Rynio P, Męczekalski B. Use of oral contraceptives for management of acne vulgaris and hirsutism in women of reproductive and late reproductive age. Prz Menopauzalny. 2018;17(1):1-4. doi: 10.5114/pm.2018.74895
65. Palli MBA, Reyes-Habito CM, Lima XT, Kimball AB. A single-center, randomized double-blind, parallel-group study to examine the safety and efficacy of 3mg drospirenone/0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol compared with placebo in the treatment of moderate truncal acne vulgaris. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(6):633-637.
66. Charny JW, Choi JK, James WD. Spironolactone for the treatment of acne in women, a retrospective study of 110 patients. International Journal of Women’s Dermatology. 2017;3(2):111-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2016.12.002
67. Garg V, Choi JK, James WD, Barbieri JS. Long-term use of spironolactone for acne in women: A case series of 403 patients. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2021;84(5):1348- 1355. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.12.071
68. Dhillon S. Clascoterone: first approval. Drugs. 2020;80(16):1745- 1750. doi: 10.1007/s40265-020-01417-6
69. Hebert A, Thiboutot D, Stein Gold L, et al. Efficacy and safety of topical clascoterone cream, 1%, for treatment in patients with facial acne: two phase 3 randomized clinical trials. JAMA Dermatol. 2020;156(6):621. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.0465
70. Eichenfield L, Hebert A, Gold LS, et al. Open-label, long-term extension study to evaluate the safety of clascoterone (CB-03-01) cream, 1% twice daily, in patients with acne vulgaris. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2020;83(2):477-485. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.087
71. Zhanel G, Critchley I, Lin LY, Alvandi N. Microbiological profile of sarecycline, a novel targeted spectrum tetracycline for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019;63(1):e01297-18. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01297-18
72. Moura IB, Grada A, Spittal W, et al. Profiling the effects of systemic antibiotics for acne, including the narrow-spectrum antibiotic sarecycline, on the human gut microbiota. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:901911. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.901911
73. Moore A, Green LJ, Bruce S, et al. Once-daily oral sarecycline 1. 5 mg/kg/day is effective for moderate to severe acne vulgaris: results from two identically designed, phase 3, randomized, double-blind clinical trials. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(9):987-996.
74. Del Rosso JQ, Stein Gold L, Baldwin H, et al. Management of truncal acne with oral sarecycline: pooled results from two phase-3 clinical trials. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021;20(6):634-640. doi: 10.36849/ JDD.2021.6204
75. DeRuiter J., Holston P. L. Trifarotene (Aklief, Galderma). 2020;45(10):26–33.
76. Eichenfield L, Kwong P, Lee S, Krowchuk D, Arekapudi K, Hebert A. Advances in topical management of adolescent facial and truncal acne: a phase 3 pooled analysis of safety and efficacy of trifarotene 0. 005% cream. JDD. 2022;21(6):582-586. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6778
77. Blumeâ€Peytavi U, Fowler J, Kemény L, et al. Longâ€term safety and efficacy of trifarotene 50 μg/g cream, a firstâ€inâ€class RAR â€γ selective topical retinoid, in patients with moderate facial and truncal acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020;34(1):166-173. doi: 10.1111/jdv.15794
78. Del Rosso JQ, Tanghetti E. A status report on topical tazarotene in the management of acne vulgaris. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(3):s53-58.
52. Fabbrocini G, Cacciapuoti S, De Vita V, Fardella N, Pastore F, Monfrecola G. The effect of aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy on microcomedones and macrocomedones. Dermatology. 2009;219(4):322-328. doi: 10.1159/000252854
53. Moftah NH, Ibrahim SM, Wahba NH. Intense pulsed light versus photodynamic therapy using liposomal methylene blue gel for the treatment of truncal acne vulgaris: a comparative randomized split body study. Arch Dermatol Res. 2016;308(4):263-268. doi: 10.1007/ s00403-016-1639-6
54. Shaaban D, Abdel-Samad Z, El-Khalawany M. Photodynamic therapy with intralesional 5-aminolevulinic acid and intense pulsed light versus intense pulsed light alone in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a comparative study: Photodynamic therapy in acne vulgaris. Dermatol Ther. 2012;25(1):86-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1529- 8019.2012.01427.
55. Piccolo D, Kostaki D, Dianzani C, Crisman G, Conforti C. Effective intense pulsed light protocol in the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris of the chest and back. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2022;15(3):22-25.
56. Schulte BC, Wu W, Rosen T. Azelaic acid: evidence-based update on mechanism of action and clinical application. J Drugs Dermatol. 2015;14(9):964-968.
57. Hoffman LK, Del Rosso JQ, Kircik LH. The efficacy and safety of azelaic acid 15% foam in the treatment of truncal acne vulgaris. J Drugs Dermatol. 2017;16(6):534-538.
58. Kainz JT, Berghammer G, Auer-Grumbach P, et al. Azelaic acid 20 % cream: effects on quality of life and disease severity in adult female acne patients: Azelaic acid 20 % cream in adult female acne patients. JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft. 2016;14(12):1249-1259. doi: 10.1111/ddg.12889
59. Zaenglein AL, Pathy AL, Schlosser BJ, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2016;74(5):945-973.e33. doi: 10.1016/j. jaad.2015.12.037
60. Ghaoui N, Hanna E, Abbas O, Kibbi A, Kurban M. Update on the use of dapsone in dermatology. Int J Dermatol. 2020;59(7):787- 795. doi: 10.1111/ijd.14761
61. Stotland M, Shalita AR, Kissling RF. Dapsone 5% gel: a review of its efficacy and safety in the treatment of acne vulgaris. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. 2009;10(4):221-227. doi: 10.2165/00128071-200910040-00002
62. Al-Salama ZT, Deeks ED. Dapsone 7. 5% gel: a review in acne vulgaris. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2017;18(1):139-145. doi: 10.1007/ s40257-016-0242-0
63. Del Rosso JQ, Kircik L, Tanghetti E. Management of truncal acne vulgaris with topical dapsone 7. 5% gel. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2018;11(8):45-50.
64. Słopień R, Milewska E, Rynio P, Męczekalski B. Use of oral contraceptives for management of acne vulgaris and hirsutism in women of reproductive and late reproductive age. Prz Menopauzalny. 2018;17(1):1-4. doi: 10.5114/pm.2018.74895
65. Palli MBA, Reyes-Habito CM, Lima XT, Kimball AB. A single-center, randomized double-blind, parallel-group study to examine the safety and efficacy of 3mg drospirenone/0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol compared with placebo in the treatment of moderate truncal acne vulgaris. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(6):633-637.
66. Charny JW, Choi JK, James WD. Spironolactone for the treatment of acne in women, a retrospective study of 110 patients. International Journal of Women’s Dermatology. 2017;3(2):111-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2016.12.002
67. Garg V, Choi JK, James WD, Barbieri JS. Long-term use of spironolactone for acne in women: A case series of 403 patients. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2021;84(5):1348- 1355. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.12.071
68. Dhillon S. Clascoterone: first approval. Drugs. 2020;80(16):1745- 1750. doi: 10.1007/s40265-020-01417-6
69. Hebert A, Thiboutot D, Stein Gold L, et al. Efficacy and safety of topical clascoterone cream, 1%, for treatment in patients with facial acne: two phase 3 randomized clinical trials. JAMA Dermatol. 2020;156(6):621. doi: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.0465
70. Eichenfield L, Hebert A, Gold LS, et al. Open-label, long-term extension study to evaluate the safety of clascoterone (CB-03-01) cream, 1% twice daily, in patients with acne vulgaris. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2020;83(2):477-485. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2020.04.087
71. Zhanel G, Critchley I, Lin LY, Alvandi N. Microbiological profile of sarecycline, a novel targeted spectrum tetracycline for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019;63(1):e01297-18. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01297-18
72. Moura IB, Grada A, Spittal W, et al. Profiling the effects of systemic antibiotics for acne, including the narrow-spectrum antibiotic sarecycline, on the human gut microbiota. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:901911. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.901911
73. Moore A, Green LJ, Bruce S, et al. Once-daily oral sarecycline 1. 5 mg/kg/day is effective for moderate to severe acne vulgaris: results from two identically designed, phase 3, randomized, double-blind clinical trials. J Drugs Dermatol. 2018;17(9):987-996.
74. Del Rosso JQ, Stein Gold L, Baldwin H, et al. Management of truncal acne with oral sarecycline: pooled results from two phase-3 clinical trials. J Drugs Dermatol. 2021;20(6):634-640. doi: 10.36849/ JDD.2021.6204
75. DeRuiter J., Holston P. L. Trifarotene (Aklief, Galderma). 2020;45(10):26–33.
76. Eichenfield L, Kwong P, Lee S, Krowchuk D, Arekapudi K, Hebert A. Advances in topical management of adolescent facial and truncal acne: a phase 3 pooled analysis of safety and efficacy of trifarotene 0. 005% cream. JDD. 2022;21(6):582-586. doi: 10.36849/JDD.6778
77. Blumeâ€Peytavi U, Fowler J, Kemény L, et al. Longâ€term safety and efficacy of trifarotene 50 μg/g cream, a firstâ€inâ€class RAR â€γ selective topical retinoid, in patients with moderate facial and truncal acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020;34(1):166-173. doi: 10.1111/jdv.15794
78. Del Rosso JQ, Tanghetti E. A status report on topical tazarotene in the management of acne vulgaris. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013;12(3):s53-58.
