36. Russi EG, Moretto F, Rampino M, et al. Acute skin toxicity management in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy or EGFR inhibitors: literature review and consensus. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2015;96(1):167–182. doi: 10.1016/j. critrevonc.2015.06.001.
37. McQuestion M. Evidence-based skin care management in radiation therapy: clinical update. Semin Oncol Nurs. 2011;27(2):e1–e17. doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2011.02.009.
38. Schnur JB, Love B, Scheckner BL, et al. A systematic review of patientrated measures of radiodermatitis in breast cancer radiotherapy. Am J Clin Oncol. 2011;34(5):529–536. doi: 10.1097/COC.0b013e3181e84b36.
39. Hegedus F, Mathew LM, Schwartz RA. Radiation dermatitis: an overview. Int J Dermatol. 2017;56(9):909–914. doi: 10.1111/ijd.13371.
40. Salzmann M, Marmé F, Hassel JC. Prophylaxis and management of skin toxicities. Breast Care. 2019;14(3):72-77. doi: 10.1159/000497232.
41. Presta G, Puliatti A, Bonetti L, et al. Effectiveness of hyaluronic acid gel (Jalosome soothing gel) for the treatment of radiodermatitis in a patient receiving head and neck radiotherapy associated with cetuximab: a case report and review. Int Wound J. 2019;16(6):1433–1439. doi: 10.1111/iwj.13210.
42. Chan RJ, Blades R, Jones L, et al. A single-blind, randomised controlled trial of StrataXRT® – a silicone-based film-forming gel dressing for prophylaxis and management of radiation dermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2019;139:72–78. doi: 10.1016/j. radonc.2019.07.014.
43. Wooding H, Yan J, Yuan L, et al. The effect of Mepitel Film on acute radiation-induced skin reactions in head and neck cancer patients: a feasibility study. Br J Radiol. 2018;91(1081):20170298. doi: 10.1259/ bjr.20170298.
44. Ferreira EB, Ciol MA, Vasques CI, et al. Gel of chamomile vs. urea cream to prevent acute radiation dermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer: a randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs. 2016;72(8):1926- 1934. doi: 10.1111/jan.12955.
45. Schneider F, Danski MT, Vayego SA. Usage of Calendula officinalis in the prevention and treatment of radiodermatitis: a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2015;49(2):221–228. doi: 10.1590/S0080-623420150000200006.
46. Kang HC, Ahn SD, Choi DH, et al. The safety and efficacy of EGF-based cream for the prevention of radiotherapy-induced skin injury: results from a multicenter observational study. Rad Oncol J. 2014;32(3):156- 162. doi: 10.3857/roj.2014.32.3.156.
47. Herst PM, Bennett NC, Sutherland AE, Peszynski RI, Paterson DB, Jasperse ML. Prophylactic use of Mepitel Film prevents radiationinduced moist desquamation in an intra-patient randomised controlled clinical trial of 78 breast cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2014;110(1):137–143. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2014.01.005.
48. Zhong WH, Tang QF, Hu LY, et al. Mepilex Lite dressings for managing acute radiation dermatitis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a systematic controlled clinical trial. Med Oncol. 2013;30(4):761. doi: 10.1007/s12032-013-0761-y.
49. Diggelmann KV, Zytkovicz AE, Tuaine JM, Bennett NC, Kelly LE, Herst PM. Mepilex Lite dressings for the management of radiation-induced erythema: a systematic inpatient controlled clinical trial. Br J Radiol. 2010;83(995):971–978. doi: 10.1259/bjr/62011713.
50. Abbas H, Bensadoun RJ. Trolamine emulsion for the prevention of radiation dermatitis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(1):185-190. doi: 10.1007/ s00520-011-1110-3.
51. Sharp L, Finnilä K, Johansson H, Abrahamsson M, Hatschek T, Bergenmar M. No differences between Calendula cream and aqueous cream in the prevention of acute radiation skin reactions–results from a randomised blinded trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2013;17:429-435. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2012.11.003
52. Kong M, Hong SE. Topical use of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (EGF)-based cream to prevent radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients: a single-blind randomized preliminary study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(8):4859–4864. doi: 10.7314/ apjcp.2013.14.8.4859.
53. Graham PH, Plant N, Graham JL, Browne L, Borg M, Capp A, et al. A paired, double-blind, randomized comparison of a moisturizing durable barrier cream to 10% glycerine cream in the prophylactic management of postmastectomy irradiation skin care: trans Tasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG) 04.01. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2013;86(1): 45–50. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.12.009.
54. Hemati S, Asnaashari O, Sarvizadeh M, Motlagh BN, Akbari M, Tajvidi M, et al. Topical silver sulfadiazine for the prevention of acute dermatitis during irradiation for breast cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(8):1613-1618. doi: 10.1007/s00520-011-1250-5.
55. Pinnix C. Perkins G.H.Strom E.A. et al. Topical hyaluronic acid vs. standard of care for the prevention of radiation dermatitis after adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer: single-blind randomized phase III clinical trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;83(4):1089-1094. Doi: 10.1016/j. ijrobp.2011.09.021.
56. Jensen JM, Gau T, Schultze J et al. Treatment of acute radiodermatitis with an oil-in-water emulsion following radiation therapy for breast cancer: a controlled, randomized trial. Strahlenther Onkol. 2011;187(6):378–384. doi: 10.1007/s00066-011-2224-8.
57. Aquino-Parsons C, Lomas S, Smith K, et al. Phase III study of silver leaf nylon dressing vs standard care for reduction of inframammary moist desquamation in patients undergoing adjuvant whole breast radiation therapy. J Med Imag Rad Sci. 2010;41(4):215–221. doi: 10.1016/j. jmir.2010.08.005.
58. Hindley A, Zain Z, Wood L, Whitehead A, Sanneh A, Barber D, et al. Mometasone furoate cream reduces acute radiation dermatitis in patients receiving breast radiation therapy: results of a randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2014;90(4):748–55. doi: 10.1016/j. ijrobp.2014.06.033.
59. Ho AY, Olm-Shipman M, Zhang Z, et al. A randomized trial of mometasone furoate 0.1% to reduce high-grade acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients receiving postmastectomy radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2018;101(2):325–333. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.02.006.
60. Zenda S, Yamaguchi T, Yokota T, et al. Topical steroid versus placebo for the prevention of radiation dermatitis in head and neck cancer patients receiving chemoradiotherapy: the study protocol of J-SUPPORT 1602 (TOPICS study), a randomized double-blinded phase 3 trial. Bio Med Central Cancer. 2018;18(1):873. doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4763-1.
61. Miller RC, Schwartz DJ, Sloan JA, Griffin PC, Deming RL, Anders JC, et al. Mometasone furoate effect on acute skin toxicity in breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy: a phase III double-blind, randomized trial from the North Central Cancer Treatment Group N06C4. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011; 79:1460–1466. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.01.031.
62. Ulff E, Maroti M, Serup J, Falkmer U. A potent steroid cream is superior to emollients in reducing acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy. A randomised study of betamethasone versus two moisturizing creams. Radiother Oncol. 2013; 108(2):287–92. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.05.033.
63. Neben-Wittich MA, Atherton PJ, Schwartz DJ, Sloan JA, Griffin PC, Deming RL, et al. Comparison of provider-assessed and patientreported outcome measures of acute skin toxicity during a Phase III trial of mometasone cream versus placebo during breast radiotherapy: the North Central Cancer Treatment Group (N06C4). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011;81(2):397–402. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.05.065
64. Liao Y, Feng G, Dai T, et al. Randomized, self-controlled, prospective assessment of the efficacy of mometasone furoate local application in reducing acute radiation dermatitis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(52):e18230. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018230.
65. Ghasemi A, Ghashghai Z, Akbari J, Yazdani-Charati J, Salehifar E, Hosseinimehr SJ. Topical atorvastatin 1% for prevention of skin toxicity in patients receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2019;75(2):171-178. doi: 10.1007/s00228-018-2570-x.
66. Baumann BC, Verginadis II, Zeng C, et al. Assessing the validity of clinician advice that patients avoid the use of topical agents before daily radiotherapy treatments. JAMA Oncol. 2018 Dec 1;4(12):1742-1748. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.4292.
67. Wohl Y, Tur E. Environmental risk factors for mycosis fungoides. Curr Probl Dermatol. 2007;35:52-64. doi: 10.1159/000106410.
68. Buda A, Międzobrodzki J. The role of Staphylococcus aureus in secondary infections in patients with atopic dermatitis. Pol J Microbiol. 2016;65(3):253-259. doi:10.5604/17331331.1215600.
69. Fujii K. Pathogenesis of cutaneous T cell lymphoma: Involvement of Staphylococcus aureus. J Dermatol. 2022;49(2):202-209. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.16288.
70. Hill A, Hanson M, Bogle MA, Duvic M. Severe radiation dermatitis is related to Staphylococcus aureus. Am J Clin Oncol. 2004;27(4):361-3. doi:10.1097/01.coc.0000071418.12121.c2.
71. Altoparlak U, Koca O, Koca T. Incidence and risk factors of the secondary skin infections in patients with radiodermatitis. Eurasian J Med. 2011;43(3):177-81. doi:10.5152/eajm.2011.34.
37. McQuestion M. Evidence-based skin care management in radiation therapy: clinical update. Semin Oncol Nurs. 2011;27(2):e1–e17. doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2011.02.009.
38. Schnur JB, Love B, Scheckner BL, et al. A systematic review of patientrated measures of radiodermatitis in breast cancer radiotherapy. Am J Clin Oncol. 2011;34(5):529–536. doi: 10.1097/COC.0b013e3181e84b36.
39. Hegedus F, Mathew LM, Schwartz RA. Radiation dermatitis: an overview. Int J Dermatol. 2017;56(9):909–914. doi: 10.1111/ijd.13371.
40. Salzmann M, Marmé F, Hassel JC. Prophylaxis and management of skin toxicities. Breast Care. 2019;14(3):72-77. doi: 10.1159/000497232.
41. Presta G, Puliatti A, Bonetti L, et al. Effectiveness of hyaluronic acid gel (Jalosome soothing gel) for the treatment of radiodermatitis in a patient receiving head and neck radiotherapy associated with cetuximab: a case report and review. Int Wound J. 2019;16(6):1433–1439. doi: 10.1111/iwj.13210.
42. Chan RJ, Blades R, Jones L, et al. A single-blind, randomised controlled trial of StrataXRT® – a silicone-based film-forming gel dressing for prophylaxis and management of radiation dermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2019;139:72–78. doi: 10.1016/j. radonc.2019.07.014.
43. Wooding H, Yan J, Yuan L, et al. The effect of Mepitel Film on acute radiation-induced skin reactions in head and neck cancer patients: a feasibility study. Br J Radiol. 2018;91(1081):20170298. doi: 10.1259/ bjr.20170298.
44. Ferreira EB, Ciol MA, Vasques CI, et al. Gel of chamomile vs. urea cream to prevent acute radiation dermatitis in patients with head and neck cancer: a randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs. 2016;72(8):1926- 1934. doi: 10.1111/jan.12955.
45. Schneider F, Danski MT, Vayego SA. Usage of Calendula officinalis in the prevention and treatment of radiodermatitis: a randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial. Rev Esc Enferm USP. 2015;49(2):221–228. doi: 10.1590/S0080-623420150000200006.
46. Kang HC, Ahn SD, Choi DH, et al. The safety and efficacy of EGF-based cream for the prevention of radiotherapy-induced skin injury: results from a multicenter observational study. Rad Oncol J. 2014;32(3):156- 162. doi: 10.3857/roj.2014.32.3.156.
47. Herst PM, Bennett NC, Sutherland AE, Peszynski RI, Paterson DB, Jasperse ML. Prophylactic use of Mepitel Film prevents radiationinduced moist desquamation in an intra-patient randomised controlled clinical trial of 78 breast cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2014;110(1):137–143. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2014.01.005.
48. Zhong WH, Tang QF, Hu LY, et al. Mepilex Lite dressings for managing acute radiation dermatitis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a systematic controlled clinical trial. Med Oncol. 2013;30(4):761. doi: 10.1007/s12032-013-0761-y.
49. Diggelmann KV, Zytkovicz AE, Tuaine JM, Bennett NC, Kelly LE, Herst PM. Mepilex Lite dressings for the management of radiation-induced erythema: a systematic inpatient controlled clinical trial. Br J Radiol. 2010;83(995):971–978. doi: 10.1259/bjr/62011713.
50. Abbas H, Bensadoun RJ. Trolamine emulsion for the prevention of radiation dermatitis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(1):185-190. doi: 10.1007/ s00520-011-1110-3.
51. Sharp L, Finnilä K, Johansson H, Abrahamsson M, Hatschek T, Bergenmar M. No differences between Calendula cream and aqueous cream in the prevention of acute radiation skin reactions–results from a randomised blinded trial. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2013;17:429-435. doi: 10.1016/j.ejon.2012.11.003
52. Kong M, Hong SE. Topical use of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (EGF)-based cream to prevent radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients: a single-blind randomized preliminary study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(8):4859–4864. doi: 10.7314/ apjcp.2013.14.8.4859.
53. Graham PH, Plant N, Graham JL, Browne L, Borg M, Capp A, et al. A paired, double-blind, randomized comparison of a moisturizing durable barrier cream to 10% glycerine cream in the prophylactic management of postmastectomy irradiation skin care: trans Tasman Radiation Oncology Group (TROG) 04.01. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2013;86(1): 45–50. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.12.009.
54. Hemati S, Asnaashari O, Sarvizadeh M, Motlagh BN, Akbari M, Tajvidi M, et al. Topical silver sulfadiazine for the prevention of acute dermatitis during irradiation for breast cancer. Support Care Cancer. 2012;20(8):1613-1618. doi: 10.1007/s00520-011-1250-5.
55. Pinnix C. Perkins G.H.Strom E.A. et al. Topical hyaluronic acid vs. standard of care for the prevention of radiation dermatitis after adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer: single-blind randomized phase III clinical trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;83(4):1089-1094. Doi: 10.1016/j. ijrobp.2011.09.021.
56. Jensen JM, Gau T, Schultze J et al. Treatment of acute radiodermatitis with an oil-in-water emulsion following radiation therapy for breast cancer: a controlled, randomized trial. Strahlenther Onkol. 2011;187(6):378–384. doi: 10.1007/s00066-011-2224-8.
57. Aquino-Parsons C, Lomas S, Smith K, et al. Phase III study of silver leaf nylon dressing vs standard care for reduction of inframammary moist desquamation in patients undergoing adjuvant whole breast radiation therapy. J Med Imag Rad Sci. 2010;41(4):215–221. doi: 10.1016/j. jmir.2010.08.005.
58. Hindley A, Zain Z, Wood L, Whitehead A, Sanneh A, Barber D, et al. Mometasone furoate cream reduces acute radiation dermatitis in patients receiving breast radiation therapy: results of a randomized trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2014;90(4):748–55. doi: 10.1016/j. ijrobp.2014.06.033.
59. Ho AY, Olm-Shipman M, Zhang Z, et al. A randomized trial of mometasone furoate 0.1% to reduce high-grade acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients receiving postmastectomy radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2018;101(2):325–333. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.02.006.
60. Zenda S, Yamaguchi T, Yokota T, et al. Topical steroid versus placebo for the prevention of radiation dermatitis in head and neck cancer patients receiving chemoradiotherapy: the study protocol of J-SUPPORT 1602 (TOPICS study), a randomized double-blinded phase 3 trial. Bio Med Central Cancer. 2018;18(1):873. doi: 10.1186/s12885-018-4763-1.
61. Miller RC, Schwartz DJ, Sloan JA, Griffin PC, Deming RL, Anders JC, et al. Mometasone furoate effect on acute skin toxicity in breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy: a phase III double-blind, randomized trial from the North Central Cancer Treatment Group N06C4. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011; 79:1460–1466. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.01.031.
62. Ulff E, Maroti M, Serup J, Falkmer U. A potent steroid cream is superior to emollients in reducing acute radiation dermatitis in breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy. A randomised study of betamethasone versus two moisturizing creams. Radiother Oncol. 2013; 108(2):287–92. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.05.033.
63. Neben-Wittich MA, Atherton PJ, Schwartz DJ, Sloan JA, Griffin PC, Deming RL, et al. Comparison of provider-assessed and patientreported outcome measures of acute skin toxicity during a Phase III trial of mometasone cream versus placebo during breast radiotherapy: the North Central Cancer Treatment Group (N06C4). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011;81(2):397–402. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.05.065
64. Liao Y, Feng G, Dai T, et al. Randomized, self-controlled, prospective assessment of the efficacy of mometasone furoate local application in reducing acute radiation dermatitis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(52):e18230. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018230.
65. Ghasemi A, Ghashghai Z, Akbari J, Yazdani-Charati J, Salehifar E, Hosseinimehr SJ. Topical atorvastatin 1% for prevention of skin toxicity in patients receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2019;75(2):171-178. doi: 10.1007/s00228-018-2570-x.
66. Baumann BC, Verginadis II, Zeng C, et al. Assessing the validity of clinician advice that patients avoid the use of topical agents before daily radiotherapy treatments. JAMA Oncol. 2018 Dec 1;4(12):1742-1748. doi: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.4292.
67. Wohl Y, Tur E. Environmental risk factors for mycosis fungoides. Curr Probl Dermatol. 2007;35:52-64. doi: 10.1159/000106410.
68. Buda A, Międzobrodzki J. The role of Staphylococcus aureus in secondary infections in patients with atopic dermatitis. Pol J Microbiol. 2016;65(3):253-259. doi:10.5604/17331331.1215600.
69. Fujii K. Pathogenesis of cutaneous T cell lymphoma: Involvement of Staphylococcus aureus. J Dermatol. 2022;49(2):202-209. doi:10.1111/1346-8138.16288.
70. Hill A, Hanson M, Bogle MA, Duvic M. Severe radiation dermatitis is related to Staphylococcus aureus. Am J Clin Oncol. 2004;27(4):361-3. doi:10.1097/01.coc.0000071418.12121.c2.
71. Altoparlak U, Koca O, Koca T. Incidence and risk factors of the secondary skin infections in patients with radiodermatitis. Eurasian J Med. 2011;43(3):177-81. doi:10.5152/eajm.2011.34.
