INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, pruritis, xerosis, excoriations, seepage, crusting, and lichenification. Its prevalence in the United States is 10.7%1…

INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory, systemic immune-mediated disease of that affects the skin and joints and is associated with multiple comorbidities1. The effect on quality of life is severe…

INTRODUCTION Unfortunately, clinical trials all must end and in doing so, any benefits that may have been achieved by the study subject volunteering for the clinical trial may be lost,…

BACKGROUND Cortisol is an endogenous glucocorticoid produced in the adrenal gland under physiological stress conditions (eg infection, tissue injury, trauma) and is required for normal cellular function, including immune function,…

INTRODUCTION Psoriasis vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease1,2 with an impact on patient quality of life (QoL) comparable to other chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.3…

INTRODUCTION The safety and efficacy of ixekizumab, a monoclonal antibody that selectively targets interleukin-17A, have been established in 3 Phase 3 trials for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque…

INTRODUCTION Acne vulgaris (acne), a common dermatologic disorder in adolescents and adults,1 can negatively impact an individual’s quality of life and psychological well-being.2-4 Effective treatment of acne symptoms may improve…

INTRODUCTION Onychomycosis continues to be a common and intractable problem in adults, often responding poorly to drug treatment. Toenails are most frequently affected by the infection, particularly the hallux.1 Studies…

INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by itchy, scaly erythematous plaques on the skin.1,2 The presence of plaques on visible areas of the body can lead to considerable…

INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease with cutaneous manifestations known to have an immune-mediated etiology. It is characterized by hyperproliferative epidermis and a mixed cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrate.1 This…

INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a common, chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorder with potential systemic complications. Psoriasis causes significant quality of life issues, even in mild cases, and is associated with excess…

INTRODUCTION Biological organisms are continuously exposed to a myriad of internal and external stimuli and stressors. As a response to these stimuli, living organisms have developed natural defence and adaptation…