INTRODUCTIONMohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is a safe and cost effective procedure that provides high cure rates1 with minimal loss of normal skin. Despite its effectiveness, MMS frequently is time consuming…
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INTRODUCTIONAtopic dermatitis (AD) or eczema is a chronic, relapsing, inflammatory skin disease, which affects up to 25% of children and 2-3% of adults.1 Hereditary and environmental factors predict a higher…
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INTRODUCTIONAcne vulgaris is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease in which inflammation induced by P. acnes initiates and contributes to lesion formation.1 The binding of P. acnes to the Toll-like receptor…
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INTRODUCTIONOccupational irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is an in- ammatory skin reaction induced by repeated contact with chemical or physical irritants in the workplace, most frequently affecting the hands.1 Symptoms typically…
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INTRODUCTIONSkin aging is characterized by profound functional changes. In the epidermis, these include reduced capacities for protection against mechanical and chemical insults, maintenance of hydration and osmotic balance, immunological de-…
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Pertinent Periorbital Anatomy A basic understanding of anatomy and effects of aging should be appreciated. Eye This precious little organ refracts light through the cornea and lens to the retina…
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IntroductionFullness of the facial tissue and submental fat is a major concern of individuals, especially in the Indian population.1 It has been widely observed that some Indian women have a higher…
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INTRODUCTIONFacial rhytids represent a widespread aesthetic concern.1 In particular, glabellar lines are perceived as a sign of aging and may give an erroneous impression of negative emotions.1 Clinicians and their…
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INTRODUCTIONThe practice of soft tissue augmentation has a long and imaginative history. Modern soft tissue augmentation dates back to the 1890s when Neuber used autologous fat grafts to restore facial…
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INTRODUCTIONRadiofrequency energy generates electric current which irradiates the targeted tissue. When this electric current meets resistance in the tissue, it produces heat. It is the heat generated which induces the…
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INTRODUCTIONSkin conditions related to hyperpigmentation continue to contribute to psychosocial anxiety that leads to poor quality-of-life measures.1,2 Pigmentary changes are the first sign of aging in a majority of population, and…
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