INTRODUCTIONAcne vulgaris is a multifactorial skin disorder affecting the pilosebaceous unit. The main factors involved in its pathogenesis include follicular hyperkeratinization, sebum overproduction, Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) over proliferation, inflammation…

INTRODUCTION A subset of patients with rosacea developed papules and pustules (PPR), which are currently viewed to be inflammatory follicular lesions.1,2 While recent studies employing gene array profiles, immunohistochemical and…

INTRODUCTIONAcne vulgaris and rosacea can have a profound impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL). A joint project by the American Academy of Dermatology Association and the Society for Investigative…

INTRODUCTION Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that most commonly presents with transient or persistent erythema in the central facial region with additional cutaneous symptoms including telangiectasia, papules and…

INTRODUCTIONAcne vulgaris is one of the most common conditions encountered in dermatology and affects individuals across all racial and ethnic groups.1 However, there is little known regarding variation in response…

INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease effecting roughly 2% of the population.1,2 The effects of psoriatic skin disease have been shown to cause significant quality of life impairment equivalent…

INTRODUCTIONIn clinical trials, the placebo has an essential role as a comparison set point for various therapies and drugs. Moreover, the placebo response ultimately determines how randomized controlled trials are…

INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis (AD) or eczema is a common inflammatory skin disease with a relapsing remitting course. Clinically, it is marked by xerosis and prutitus.1 Current estimates suggest that up…

INTRODUCTIONVismodegib is a first-in-class FDA-approved oral drug for basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) deemed unsuitable for surgical resection or radiotherapy. Release of this drug was fast-tracked for January 2012 due to…

INTRODUCTION IncobotulinumtoxinA (INCO; Xeomin® in the United States, Canada / “botulinum toxin A free of complexing proteins» or Bocouture® in Europe and other parts of the world) is distributed by…

INTRODUCTIONActinic keratosis (AK) is one of the most common dermatologic diagnoses that affects individuals ≥40 years (11–50% of the population in the United States and Australia,1 and 11–25% in Europe2,3).…

INTRODUCTION Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) are a growing area in the therapeutic armamentarium of numerous conditions including various cancers, autoimmune diseases, psoriasis, transplant rejection and cardiovascular diseases among others1. They allow…