INTRODUCTIONAcne, like any other disease, demands that the practitioner understand its pathogenesis to implement treatment in a logical, medically sound manner. Gone are the days of the mid-20th century when…

INTRODUCTION Theoretical concern about the development of antibiotic resistance emerged almost immediately upon the discovery of penicillin. In fact, Alexander Fleming reportedly said of his discovery, “The bacteria will not…

As acne vulgaris (AV) and rosacea are commonly encountered in clinical practice, dermatologists manage patients by incorporating what they learned upfront during training, and later from respected educators, from reading…

INTRODUCTIONThe epidemiology of acne vulgaris is evolving, with an increasingly earlier onset seen in patients 8-11 years old.1 Analysis of U.S. national data over approximately the last thirty years indicates…

INTRODUCTION Acne vulgaris is a common cutaneous disorder affecting approximately 70% of adolescents and about 50% of adults.1,2 The prevalence of moderate to severe acne ranges from 14%–49% in adolescent…

INTRODUCTIONOral isotretinoin is highly effective for the treatment of severe and recalcitrant acne vulgaris (AV), especially in patients with nodulocystic disease.1-4 Almost all patients treated with oral isotretinoin develop dose-dependent…

INTRODUCTION Acne is a common skin disease characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, nodules and cysts usually on the face, chest, and back. Although most acne studies focus on facial acne,…

INTRODUCTIONAs early as the 1960s, topical tretinoin demonstrated clinical potential in a variety of skin disorders, including acne, actinic keratoses, other hyperkeratotic conditions, and antitumor effects in a number of…

INTRODUCTION Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) is a cornerstone of acne therapy that is often used in combination with a topical antibiotic and/or a retinoid. The use of varying concentrations of BPO…

INTRODUCTIONRosacea is a common skin disorder estimated to affect 16 million Americans.1 Although it is usually observed in patients with light skin phototypes, rosacea has also been diagnosed in patients…

INTRODUCTION Treatment guidelines for moderate to severe acne recommend early initiation of therapy with topical retinoids and oral antibiotics (with or without the use of benzoyl peroxide).1,2 Doxycycline and minocycline,…