INTRODUCTION
Cervical region is strongly impacted by the aging process that may progress with skin atrophy, accumulation of submental fat, wrinkles, loss of contour, and sagging skin. Among so many changes in this region, sagging skin is unquestionably one of the most impactful. For this reason, the treatment designed to stimulate the production of collagen in this region has stood out.1
One of the major allies in the prevention and treatment of this region are the injectable biostimulators and, among these biostimulators, the calcium hydroxyapatite is highlighted. Its biostimulatory ability of activating fibroblasts leads to the production of type 1 collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans in addition to improving the skin elasticity and thickness.2
The growing demand for minimally invasive procedures, along with the anatomical complexity of the cervical region, is followed by the increase in complications rate, as well as by a concern regarding the possible interference of these products in the assessment of underlying structures of the skin planning on the neck.
The great question regarding the use of calcium hydroxyapatite on the neck is whether the calcium component of the product and its radiopaque features could negatively impact the assessment of underlying structures after the treatment, such as the thyroid gland.
On ultrasound examination, undiluted calcium hydroxyapatite manifests as hyperechogenic deposits with posterior acoustic shadowing3 (Figure 1), which may limit the evaluation of
One of the major allies in the prevention and treatment of this region are the injectable biostimulators and, among these biostimulators, the calcium hydroxyapatite is highlighted. Its biostimulatory ability of activating fibroblasts leads to the production of type 1 collagen, elastin, and proteoglycans in addition to improving the skin elasticity and thickness.2
The growing demand for minimally invasive procedures, along with the anatomical complexity of the cervical region, is followed by the increase in complications rate, as well as by a concern regarding the possible interference of these products in the assessment of underlying structures of the skin planning on the neck.
The great question regarding the use of calcium hydroxyapatite on the neck is whether the calcium component of the product and its radiopaque features could negatively impact the assessment of underlying structures after the treatment, such as the thyroid gland.
On ultrasound examination, undiluted calcium hydroxyapatite manifests as hyperechogenic deposits with posterior acoustic shadowing3 (Figure 1), which may limit the evaluation of
