INTRODUCTIONAging skin can be in part characterized by the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, as well as an overall decline in skin texture and tone.1 Skin resurfacing refers to…

INTRODUCTIONAcne vulgaris is a common dermatologic condition affecting individuals of both genders and all skin types with an estimated prevalence of 70 to 87%.1-2 It typically begins in adolescence and…

INTRODUCTIONThe electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation and is arranged based on wavelength, from shortest to longest. The visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum…

INTRODUCTIONThe electromagnetic spectrum is the range of all possible frequencies of electromagnetic radiation and is arranged based on wavelength, from shortest to longest. The visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum…

INTRODUCTIONPost-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common inflammatory disorder of the skin that occurs as a result of dermal and epidermal lesions leading to a change in color of the affected…

INTRODUCTIONAbnormal pigmentation resulting from conditions such as photodamage, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) and melasma are common concerns of patients in an aesthetic practice. Hydroquinone (HQ) remains the gold standard in treatment…

INTRODUCTIONAcne vulgaris (acne) is the most common skin disease, and in many cases a chronic condition constantly changing in its distribution and severity.1 It can result in significant physical and psychological…

INTRODUCTIONLichen planopilaris (LPP), a variant of lichen planus, causes an inflammatory, cicatricial alopecia; the hallmarks of this disease include irregular patchy hair loss, destruction of follicular ostia, perifollicular erythema, and…

INTRODUCTIONHistorical Description and EpidemiologyNevus flammeus, or port-wine stains (PWS), initially misnamed as “flat hemangioma” and previously called “firemark,” are the second most common congenital vascular malformation seen in infancy. An…