INTRODUCTIONSeborrheic dermatitis (SD) and dandruff are of a continuous spectrum of the same disease that affects the seborrheic areas of the body, with dandruff being milder and specifically localized to…
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INTRODUCTIONImmune checkpoints are inhibitory pathways within the immune system that maintain self-tolerance and regulate the duration and strength of immune responses.1 Tumors can exploit this mechanism to evade immune surveillance…
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INTRODUCTIONLichen planopilaris (LPP) is a primary scarring alopecia and a follicular version of lichen planus (LP), which can present in association with LP or more often presents alone.1 Androgenetic alopecia…
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INTRODUCTIONPostoperative bleeding is 1 of the most frequent complications seen in dermatologic surgery, of which hematoma formation is a known consequence.1 A hematoma is defined as a collection of blood…
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INTRODUCTIONBerberine supplements are readily available over-the-counter in the United States. It has recently gained popularity on social media and is increasingly being used as a form of complementary and alternative…
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INTRODUCTIONAlopecia universalis is a type of alopecia areata (AA) characterized by total body hair loss. The mechanism of this loss is primarily due to autoimmune disruption of the hair follicle.…
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INTRODUCTIONAlopecia is a common troubling symptom in dermatology. It can be divided into various categories and is usually classified clinically and histopathologically into scarring and non-scarring alopecia.1 It can also…
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INTRODUCTIONAlopecia areata (AA) is a distinct pathological condition characterized by non-scarring hair loss due to autoimmune processes and inflammation.1 It can present as patchy alopecia, alopecia totalis (AT), or alopecia…
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INTRODUCTIONSoft tissue augmentation is an increasingly popular aesthetic medical procedure. Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are commonly utilized for soft tissue augmentation.1 An advantage of HA fillers includes easy reversibility with…
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INTRODUCTIONVitiligo and alopecia areata (AA) are two common, autoimmune dermatologic diseases that significantly impact quality of life.1,2 Oral and topical JAK inhibitors are innovative, emerging treatments. The FDA has approved…
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INTRODUCTIONThe skin's protective role as the first defense against environmental exposures makes it susceptible to climatic stressors. Low temperatures, in particular, compromise the skin's barrier through the activity of transient…
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INTRODUCTIONNeoadjuvant Hedgehog Pathway Inhibitor (HPI) therapy, encompassing sonidegib, and vismodegib has emerged as a promising strategy in the management of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (laBCC).1 This approach is currently…
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