INTRODUCTION Keloids are a type of scar that appears firm, rubbery and nodular over an area of previous surgery, trauma, burn, acne or skin abrasion. Typically manifesting on locations where…

INTRODUCTION The evolving demographic landscape of the United States necessitates that dermatologists become knowledgeable of the various nuances implicit in pigmented skins when choosing a dermatologic medication. Topical retinoids have…

INTRODUCTION As the skin of color population steadily increases, the cosmetic industry is evolving in response to these changing demographics as evidenced by a multitude of skin of color targeted…

INTRODUCTION Progressive macular hypomelanosis (PMH) is a common but under-recognized disorder characterized by multiple non-scaly, nummular hypopigmented macules and patches distributed symmetrically on the trunk and proximal extremities of young…

INTRODUCTION Vitiligo vulgaris affects 0.4-1 percent of the world population. 1 Pockets of areas of high incidence (as high as 8%) have been reported in India.2 While vitiligo vulgaris affects…

INTRODUCTION Scalp hyperkeratosis, with or without alopecia, is a common clinical finding seen in pediatric dermatology practices, especially those with children of color. In such cases, fungal cultures are routinely…

INTRODUCTION Melasma is an acquired skin condition characterized by irregular brown or hyperpigmented patches typically located on the forehead, cheeks, nose, chin and upper lip.1 It is more commonly seen…

INTRODUCTIONCensus predictions project that persons with skin of color will constitute approximately 50 percent of the United States (US) population by the year 2050.1 As such, particular attention to skin…

INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disorder which affects 10 to 20 percent of the general population.1-3 Symptoms of AD include dry, scaly and intensely itchy…

INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a chronic, genetic, immune-mediated, inflammatory skin disorder affecting approximately two percent of the Caucasian population.1 Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) has been postulated to be a key regulator…

CASE REPORT A 54 year old female was evaluated for wound breakdown after breast reconstruction with pedicle transverse rectus abdominal myocutaneous (TRAM) flap. Two years prior to this, the patient…