INTRODUCTION
Skin aging is a multifactorial process induced by intrinsic factors such as metabolic processes and senescence as well as environmental factors, including smoking, air pollution, and solar radiation, including visible light and infrared light exposure.1 There are several mechanisms by which UV-radiation induces photoaging, including direct DNA damage, cell surface receptor-initiated signaling, mitochondrial damage, and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS).2 These molecular changes have undesirable aesthetic consequences, including erythema, edema, sunburn, skin laxity, and reduced integrity of the skin.3
The cosmeceutical industry has increasingly focused on strategies to combat oxidative stress-mediated photoaging. While numerous antioxidant-based antiaging products are on the market, demand exists for innovative, effective, naturally derived cosmeceuticals.4 According to market research, the cosmeceutical industry is adapting to these consumer demands as the global natural skincare products market was valued at $10.84 billion in 2019, with facial care having the largest market, and is forecast to grow by $3.2 billion during 2020-2024.5,6
Green tea polyphenols (GTPs) are naturally occurring compounds that have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.7,8 They are a potent source of exogenous antioxidants that have been proven to reduce endogenous ROS and RNS, and thereby diminish and reverse the impact of photoaging. In vitro experiments demonstrated that GTPs inhibit the upregulation of H202-generated free radicals in human skin fibroblasts.7 Green tea derivatives also appear to enhance the regenerative capabilities of skin as aged keratinocytes can be stimulated by GTPs to renew cell division in aging skin.9,10 Based on the strength of laboratory studies, animal studies, and clinical trials, the use of green tea-derived polyphenols is highly attractive to dermatologists and patients for aesthetic and antiaging purposes.
Vitamin C and E are natural antioxidants that have been clinically proven to provide photoprotection and antiaging
The cosmeceutical industry has increasingly focused on strategies to combat oxidative stress-mediated photoaging. While numerous antioxidant-based antiaging products are on the market, demand exists for innovative, effective, naturally derived cosmeceuticals.4 According to market research, the cosmeceutical industry is adapting to these consumer demands as the global natural skincare products market was valued at $10.84 billion in 2019, with facial care having the largest market, and is forecast to grow by $3.2 billion during 2020-2024.5,6
Green tea polyphenols (GTPs) are naturally occurring compounds that have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.7,8 They are a potent source of exogenous antioxidants that have been proven to reduce endogenous ROS and RNS, and thereby diminish and reverse the impact of photoaging. In vitro experiments demonstrated that GTPs inhibit the upregulation of H202-generated free radicals in human skin fibroblasts.7 Green tea derivatives also appear to enhance the regenerative capabilities of skin as aged keratinocytes can be stimulated by GTPs to renew cell division in aging skin.9,10 Based on the strength of laboratory studies, animal studies, and clinical trials, the use of green tea-derived polyphenols is highly attractive to dermatologists and patients for aesthetic and antiaging purposes.
Vitamin C and E are natural antioxidants that have been clinically proven to provide photoprotection and antiaging
