INTRODUCTIONDiscoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that occurs with or without systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). DLE treatment is challenging, and there is paucity of effective therapeutic…
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INTRODUCTIONAlopecia areata (AA) is a form of non-scarring alopecia that results from an autoimmune process that targets hair follicles.1 The severity of the disease varies from a focal, patchy hair…
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INTRODUCTIONNovel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, designated as COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO) on February 11, 2020, is one of the highly pathogenic β-coronaviruses that infects humans.1 Alopecia areata (AA) is…
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INTRODUCTIONHuman monkeypox (MPX) is caused by an orthopoxvirus similar to the variola virus (smallpox) and was initially discovered in central Africa in 1970 affecting impoverished communities. It typically presents with…
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INTRODUCTIONAlopecia is a chronic debilitating disease. Topical minoxidil is the only FDA-approved treatment for both female and male pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia); it is also used off-label to treat…
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INTRODUCTIONThe role of social media in patient education continues to grow; approximately 80% of internet users in the United States have searched online for health information.1 With this growth, there…
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INTRODUCTIONCicatricial (scarring) alopecia leads to irreversible hair loss.1 Patients with scarring alopecia experience a high burden of psychosocial disease.1 While scarring alopecia can be difficult to treat, successful treatment can…
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INTRODUCTIONMelatonin is synthesized primarily in the pineal gland, and in several extra-pineal sites including the retina, skin, bone marrow, cerebellum, and gastrointestinal tract.1 Melatonin acts primarily via G-protein coupled membrane…
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INTRODUCTIONErythema dyschromicum perstans (EDP) is a rare cutaneous condition characterized by gray or blue-brown macules or patches that usually presets over the trunk, neck, and extremities.1 EDP occurs in both…
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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment modality involving photosensitizers that are activated by absorption of visible light to initially form the excited singlet state, followed by transition to the…
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INTRODUCTIONGraham-Little-Piccardi-Lasseur Syndrome (GLPLS) is a rare clinical subtype of lichen planopilaris (LPP) that manifests as a triad of scarring alopecia of the scalp, nonscarring alopecia of the axillary and the…
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CASEDespite numerous available psoriasis treatments, no "one size fits all"' regimen provides complete disease control without side effects, logistical obstacles, and/or expense. Despite increasingly efficacious drugs, only 20-25% of patients…
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