Glabellar Contraction Patterns in Black Patients: Implications for Botulinum Toxin Treatment
Botulinum toxin is widely used for treating dynamic glabellar lines, but contraction patterns in Black patients had not been studied until now. An analysis of 103 Black patients identified five established glabellar contraction patterns: “U,” “V,” “convergent arrows,” “omega,” and “inverted omega.” Recognizing these patterns allows for more precise, individualized botulinum toxin treatment tailored to diverse patient populations.
