Melanoma on the Rise: Are We Keeping Pace With Detection and Care?
Melanoma, particularly cutaneous melanoma, is becoming an increasingly prevalent problem in the United States (US). It is currently the fifth most common cancer in the US, with projections to move up to the second most common by 2040. While almost 80% of melanomas are localized, the key to improved prognosis is increased awareness, early detection, and rapid treatment.
One of the first steps in melanoma prevention is awareness. Patients need to be informed of the concerning features of pigmented lesions that could potentially become melanoma, as well as the measures they can take to reduce ultraviolet (UV) damage. To this end, Burshtein et al surveyed healthcare providers to determine the recommendations from US dermatology providers. They examined practical suggestions for sunscreen recommendations.
Aside from prevention with UV protection, early detection is crucial. In a separate analysis, Burshtein et al examined technological advances in the diagnosis of melanoma. As part of this analysis, they performed a comprehensive literature search and conducted a modified Delphi process with 10 expert dermatologists. They used the available literature and expert insights to develop recommendations for diagnostic tools that are most clinically meaningful for patient care. Analysis of different gene expression profile (GEP) technologies, as well as electrical impedance spectroscopy, was performed, with suggestions provided for their use.
Finally, it’s important to understand factors that can delay the detection and management of melanoma. Once patients have a metastatic melanoma diagnosis, an important treatment is the initiation of immunotherapy. To examine access to immunotherapy, Ramirez et al sought to understand the association between the social determinants of health and socioeconomic status and receiving immunotherapy for melanoma. They conducted a thorough review to obtain this. Their findings include the ability to receive immunotherapy for melanoma based on insurance, education, socioeconomic status, and other factors. Khan et al, in a recent publication, further highlight the importance of this by emphasizing delays in medical care for melanoma among patients with skin of color.
As melanoma is increasing in prevalence, it is crucial for providers to be aware of the latest techniques for detection, ways to help prevent it, and management, as well as the barriers our patients may encounter.
Advances in Technology for Melanoma Diagnosis and Prognosis: An Expert Consensus Panel
Delays in Medical Care Among Skin of Color Melanoma Patients: A Population-Based Study
