cited 2020 June 4]. Available from: https://www.aad.org/dw/dw-insightsand- inquiries/2020-archive/january/thoughts-on-hyaluronidase
28. Kriss J.P. Pathogenesis and treatment of pretibial myxedema. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am.1987;16(2):409–415.
29. Grais M.L. Local injections of a preparation of hyaluronidase in the treatment of localized (pretibial) myxedema. J Invest Dermatol. 1949;12(6):345–348.
30. Rosman D. The treatment of localized (pretibial) myxedema with hyaluronidase. N Y State J Med. 1950;50(16):1939–1942.
31. Hilton S, Schrumpf F, Buhren BA, et al. Hyaluronidase injection for the treatment of eyelid edema: a retrospective analysis of 20 patients. Eur J Med Res. 2014;19(1):30.
32. Hoesly PM, Tolaymat LM, Sluzevich JC, et al. Pretibial myxedema successfully treated with intralesional hyaluronidase. JAAD Case Rep. 2018;4(9):874-6.
33. Paver WK. The treatment of pretibial myxoedema and cutaneous myxoid cysts. Australas J Dermatol. 1977 Dec; 18(3): 144–5.
34. Menzinger S, Kaya G. Successful Treatment of Scalp Myxedema with Injected Hyaluronidase: A Case Report. Dermatopathology (Basel). 2020;6(4):260-265.
35. Florez-Pollack S, Kunzler E, Jacobe HT. Morphea: current concepts. Clin Dermatol. 2018;36(4):475-86.
36. Claesson U, Lindqusit B. Use of hyaluronidase in scleroderma. Acta Paediatr. 1953;42(3):278-281.
37. Melvin OG, Hunt KM, Jacobson ES. Hyaluronidase Treatment of Scleroderma- Induced Microstomia. JAMA Dermatol. 2019;155(7):857–859.
38. Spalek M, Jonska-Gmyrek J, Galecki J. Radiation-induced morphea - a literature review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(2):197-202.
39. Fischer M, Bormann G, Wohlrab J, et al. [Radiation-induced morphea]. Hautarzt. 1999;50(7):507-510.
40. Kumar MH, Kumar MS, Kumar SH, et al. A neoteric multidrug combination: novel approach to limited cutaneous systemic scleroderma involving the face. BMJ Case Rep. 2016; doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-212787.
41. Abbas LF, Coias J, Jacobe HT, et al. Hyaluronidase injections for treatment of symptomatic pansclerotic morphea-induced microstomia. JAAD case Rep. 2019;5(10):871-3.
42. Raboudi A, Litaiem N. Scleredema (Buschke Disease, Scleredema of Buschke, Scleredema Adultorum) [Updated 2019 Aug 8]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545159/
43. Majumder S, Mandal SK, Chowdhury SR, et al. Scleredema of Buschke: a rare post-streptococcal complication. J Assoc Physicians India. 2007;55:737-738.
44. Kokpol C, Rajatanavin N, Rattanakemakorn P. Successful Treatment of Scleredema Diabeticorum by Combining Local PUVA and Colchicine: A Case Report. Case Rep Dermatol. 2012;4(3):265-8.
45. Kiyohara T, Tanimura H. sc scleroedema successfully treated by topical hyaluronidase injection: efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2019;44(5):584-586.
46. Ennouhi MA, Guerrouani A, Moussaoui A. Idiopathic Cutis Verticis Gyrata in a Female. Cureus. 2018 Jan 23;10(1):e2105.
47. Welborn M, Dallo C, Altmeyer M. Cutis Verticis Gyrata Improved with Injected Hyaluronidase Treatments. Dermatol Arch. 2019;3(1).
48. Smith K, Menon P, Rolfe A, et al. Pretreatment with intralesional hyaluronidase prior to excision of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Cancer Lett. 1998 11;131(1):117-26.
49. Menon P, Smith KJ, Crittenden J, et al. Adjuvant therapy with hyaluronidase prior to excision of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Dermatol Surg. 1999;25(3):205-209.
50. Haycox CL, Odland PB, Olbricht SM, et al. Immunohistochemical characterization of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with practical applications for diagnosis and treatment. JA. Acad Dermatol. 1997;37(3):438-44.
51. Sami MS, Soparkar CN, Patrinely JR, et al. Eyelid edema. Semin Plast Surg. 2007;21(1):24-31.
52. Roh K, Cho S, Park JH, et al. Therapeutic effects of hyaluronidase on acquired lymphedema using a newly developed mouse limb model. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2017;242(6):584-592.
53. Nekoroski T, Paladini RD, Sauder DN, et al. A recombinant human hyaluronidase sustained release gel for the treatment of post-surgical edema. Int J Dermatol. 2014;53(6):777-785.
54. Hilton S, Schrumpf H, Buhren BA, et al. Hyaluronidase injection for the treatment of eyelid edema: a retrospective analysis of 20 patients. Eur J Med Res. 2014;19(1):30.
55. Han JH, Kim J, Yoon KC, et al. Treatment of post-traumatic hematoma and fibrosis using hyaluronidase injection. Arch Craniofac Surg. 2018;19(3):218-221.
28. Kriss J.P. Pathogenesis and treatment of pretibial myxedema. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am.1987;16(2):409–415.
29. Grais M.L. Local injections of a preparation of hyaluronidase in the treatment of localized (pretibial) myxedema. J Invest Dermatol. 1949;12(6):345–348.
30. Rosman D. The treatment of localized (pretibial) myxedema with hyaluronidase. N Y State J Med. 1950;50(16):1939–1942.
31. Hilton S, Schrumpf F, Buhren BA, et al. Hyaluronidase injection for the treatment of eyelid edema: a retrospective analysis of 20 patients. Eur J Med Res. 2014;19(1):30.
32. Hoesly PM, Tolaymat LM, Sluzevich JC, et al. Pretibial myxedema successfully treated with intralesional hyaluronidase. JAAD Case Rep. 2018;4(9):874-6.
33. Paver WK. The treatment of pretibial myxoedema and cutaneous myxoid cysts. Australas J Dermatol. 1977 Dec; 18(3): 144–5.
34. Menzinger S, Kaya G. Successful Treatment of Scalp Myxedema with Injected Hyaluronidase: A Case Report. Dermatopathology (Basel). 2020;6(4):260-265.
35. Florez-Pollack S, Kunzler E, Jacobe HT. Morphea: current concepts. Clin Dermatol. 2018;36(4):475-86.
36. Claesson U, Lindqusit B. Use of hyaluronidase in scleroderma. Acta Paediatr. 1953;42(3):278-281.
37. Melvin OG, Hunt KM, Jacobson ES. Hyaluronidase Treatment of Scleroderma- Induced Microstomia. JAMA Dermatol. 2019;155(7):857–859.
38. Spalek M, Jonska-Gmyrek J, Galecki J. Radiation-induced morphea - a literature review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015;29(2):197-202.
39. Fischer M, Bormann G, Wohlrab J, et al. [Radiation-induced morphea]. Hautarzt. 1999;50(7):507-510.
40. Kumar MH, Kumar MS, Kumar SH, et al. A neoteric multidrug combination: novel approach to limited cutaneous systemic scleroderma involving the face. BMJ Case Rep. 2016; doi: 10.1136/bcr-2015-212787.
41. Abbas LF, Coias J, Jacobe HT, et al. Hyaluronidase injections for treatment of symptomatic pansclerotic morphea-induced microstomia. JAAD case Rep. 2019;5(10):871-3.
42. Raboudi A, Litaiem N. Scleredema (Buschke Disease, Scleredema of Buschke, Scleredema Adultorum) [Updated 2019 Aug 8]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545159/
43. Majumder S, Mandal SK, Chowdhury SR, et al. Scleredema of Buschke: a rare post-streptococcal complication. J Assoc Physicians India. 2007;55:737-738.
44. Kokpol C, Rajatanavin N, Rattanakemakorn P. Successful Treatment of Scleredema Diabeticorum by Combining Local PUVA and Colchicine: A Case Report. Case Rep Dermatol. 2012;4(3):265-8.
45. Kiyohara T, Tanimura H. sc scleroedema successfully treated by topical hyaluronidase injection: efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2019;44(5):584-586.
46. Ennouhi MA, Guerrouani A, Moussaoui A. Idiopathic Cutis Verticis Gyrata in a Female. Cureus. 2018 Jan 23;10(1):e2105.
47. Welborn M, Dallo C, Altmeyer M. Cutis Verticis Gyrata Improved with Injected Hyaluronidase Treatments. Dermatol Arch. 2019;3(1).
48. Smith K, Menon P, Rolfe A, et al. Pretreatment with intralesional hyaluronidase prior to excision of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Cancer Lett. 1998 11;131(1):117-26.
49. Menon P, Smith KJ, Crittenden J, et al. Adjuvant therapy with hyaluronidase prior to excision of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Dermatol Surg. 1999;25(3):205-209.
50. Haycox CL, Odland PB, Olbricht SM, et al. Immunohistochemical characterization of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans with practical applications for diagnosis and treatment. JA. Acad Dermatol. 1997;37(3):438-44.
51. Sami MS, Soparkar CN, Patrinely JR, et al. Eyelid edema. Semin Plast Surg. 2007;21(1):24-31.
52. Roh K, Cho S, Park JH, et al. Therapeutic effects of hyaluronidase on acquired lymphedema using a newly developed mouse limb model. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2017;242(6):584-592.
53. Nekoroski T, Paladini RD, Sauder DN, et al. A recombinant human hyaluronidase sustained release gel for the treatment of post-surgical edema. Int J Dermatol. 2014;53(6):777-785.
54. Hilton S, Schrumpf H, Buhren BA, et al. Hyaluronidase injection for the treatment of eyelid edema: a retrospective analysis of 20 patients. Eur J Med Res. 2014;19(1):30.
55. Han JH, Kim J, Yoon KC, et al. Treatment of post-traumatic hematoma and fibrosis using hyaluronidase injection. Arch Craniofac Surg. 2018;19(3):218-221.
AUTHOR CORRESPONDENCE
Firas Al-Niaimi MRCP firas55@hotmail.com
