Of particular clinical relevance from the above-cited cases and
studies is the suggestion that both moisture and occlusion are
critical contributors to the irritant reactions caused by PVP-I.
This implies that health care personnel can take specific measures
to prevent chemical burns from PVP-I. These measures
are listed in Table 2.
The treatment of PVP-I burn is supportive and consistent with
the standard of care for a partial thickness burn and includes
antimicrobial prophylaxis with a topical agent such as silver
sulfadiazine and dressings that promote healing such as petrolatum
impregnated gauze or hydrocolloidal dressings such
as AQUACEL or DuoDERM (ConvaTec, Skillman, NJ).21 As this
eruption is primarily considered to be an irritant rather than allergic
contact dermatitis, patients should be aware that they do
not universally need to avoid PVP-I. However, in cases where
sensitization is suspected, patch testing may be performed.
DISCLOSURES
Funding sources: None.
Conflicts of interest: The authors have no relevant conflicts of
interest to disclose.
REFERENCES
- Zamora J. Chemical and microbiologic characteristics and toxicity of povidone-iodine solutions. Am J Surg. 1986;151:400-406.
- American Society of Hospital Pharmacists. AHFS Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: Board of Directors of the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists; 2009.
- Iijima S, Kuramochi M. Investigation of irritant skin reaction by 10% povidone-iodine solution after surgery. Dermatology. 2002;204(suppl 1):103-108.
- Chambers HF, Deck DH. Chapter 50: Miscellaneous Antimicrobial Agents. Disinfectants, Antiseptics, & Sterilants. In: B. Katzung editor. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. New York, NY: McGraw Hill Medical; 2007.
- Nahlieli O, Baruchin A, Levi D, Shapira Y, Yoffe B. Povidone-iodine related burns. Burns. 2001;27:185-188.
- Lowe D, Knowles S, Weber E, Railton C, Shear N. Povidone-iodineinduced burn: Case report and review of the literature. Pharmacotherapy. 2006;26:1641-1645.
- Nakano S, Uchiyama A, Ueyama H, Nishimura M, Tashiro C , Azuma T. Chemical burn caused by povidone-iodine. Masui. 1991;40:812-815.
- Liu F, Liou J, Hui Y, Hsu J, Yang C, Yu H et al. Chemical burn caused by povidone-iodine alcohol solution - A case report. Acta Anaesthesiol Sin. 2003;41:93-96.
- Duffy B. Betadine burn. Anaesth Intensive Care. 1981;9:401.
- Dickinson J , Bailey B. Chemical burns beneath tourniquets. BMJ. 1988;297:1513.
- Corazza M, Bulciolu G, Spisani L, Virgili A. Chemical burns following irritant contact with povidone-iodine. Contact Dermatitis. 1997;36:115-116.
- White A, Josset M. Bruns from iodine Anaesthesia. 1990;45:75.
- Hodgkinson D, Irons G , Williams T. Chemical burns and skin preparation solutions. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1978;147:534-536.
- Lee S, Zhai H, Maibach H. Allergic contact dermatitis from iodine preparations: A conundrum. Contact Dermatitis. 2005;52:184-187.
- Kozuka T. Patch testing to exclude allergic contact dermatitis caused by povidone-iodine. Dermatology. 2002;204(suppl 1):96-98.
- Nishioka K, Seguchi T, Yasuno H, Yamamoto T, Tominaga K. The results of ingredient patch testing in contact dermatitis elicited by povidone-iodine preparations. Contact Dermatitis. 2000;42:90-94.
- Lachapelle J. Allergic contact dermatitis from povidone-iodine: A re-evaluation study. Contact Dermatitis. 2005;52:9-10.
- Barbaud A, Vigan M, Delrous J, Assier H, Avenel-Audran M, Collet E et al. Contact allergy to antiseptics: 75 cases analyzed by the dermato-allergovigilance network (Revidal). Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2005;132:962-965.